AAS - atomic absorption spectroscopy

AES - Auger electron spectroscopy

AFM - atomic force microscopy

AMIRA - the Australian Mineral Industries Research Association

ANSTO - Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation

ATR-FTIR - attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

CANMET - Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology

CCD - counter-current decantation

CFD - computational fluid dynamics

CIL - carbon-in-leach

CIP - carbon-in-pulp

CRCA - Cooperative Research Centres Association

CV's - cyclic voltammograms

DEETYA - Department of Employment, Education, Training and Youth Affairs

DME - Department of Minerals and Energy (WA)

DRS - dielectric relaxation spectroscopy

DSP - desilication product

EDAX - energy dispersive analysis by X-rays

EDS - energy dispersive spectroscopy

Eh - electrochemical potential

EIS - electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

ESPLIM - electrostatic pseudo liquid membrane

ESX - electrostatic solvent extraction

EXAFS - extended X-ray absorption fine structure

FBRM - focused beam reflectance measurement

FIA - flow-injection analysis

FlowFFF - flow field-flow fractionation

FTIR - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

GC-MS - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

HPLC - high performance liquid chromatography

ICP-AES - inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy

kJ/mol - kilojoule per mole

LEED - low energy electron diffraction

MALLS - multi-angle laser light scattering

MERIWA - Minerals and Energy Research Institute of WA

NaISE - sodium ion selective electrode

NIR - near infrared spectroscopy

NMR - nuclear magnetic resonance

PAL - pressure acid leaching

PBM - population balance model

ppm - parts per million

PVM - particle vision and measurement

RDE - rotating disc electrode

RIP - resin-in-pulp

RRDE - rotating ring-disc electrode

RRL - Regional Research Laboratory in Bhubaneswar, India

SAM - scanning auger microscopy

SEM - scanning electron microscopy

S/S - stainless steel

STM - scanning tunnelling microscopy

SX - solvent extraction

TCA - tricalcium aluminate

TCP - Taylor-Couette precipitator

TDpy-GC-MS - thermal desorption-pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

TEM - transmission electron microscopy

TG-DTA - thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis

TG-FTIR - thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

TG-MS - thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry

UHV - ultra high vacuum

UV - ultraviolet

WASM - Western Australian School of Mines

XPS - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

XRD - X-ray diffraction

XRF - X-ray fluorescence